He used his convicts to convert the buildings into a temporary prison. : 18–20 Eventually Henderson leased two properties in Essex Street for £250 per year, at the site of the modern-day Esplanade Hotel. Rents for accommodation in Fremantle quickly rose due to the sudden increase in demand, leaving Henderson paying more for his basic lodgings in Fremantle than for his house in London. There was also no prepared accommodation for the warders, pensioner guards, Captain Edward Walcott Henderson, Comptroller General of Convicts, or his clerk, James Manning.
#TUNNELS PRISON ARCHITECT FULL#
The Round House was full to capacity, almost overflowing, so the convicts had to be left on the ship. While a sailing ship had been sent ahead to inform of the pending arrival of seventy-five convicts, it had been blown off course. However, the arrival of the first convict ship Scindian on 2 June 1850 was unexpected. Cheap convict labour could overcome the significant shortage of manpower in the colony. While the colony was established as a "free settlement" in 1829, by the 1840s the early reluctance to accept Britain's convicts was overcome. Archaeological zones and sub-surface remains of varying levels of significance are found throughout the area of the convict grant.įurther information: History of Fremantle Prisonįremantle Prison dates from the early years of European settlement, when it was constructed as the centre of the British Imperial Convict Establishment in Western Australia. Other elements of the site include the hospital building, prisoner workshops, open spaces, and a limestone ramp on the axis of the gatehouse, heading down towards the port area of Fremantle. North and south of the gatehouse, on The Terrace, are several cottages and houses – three of which are built in Victorian style in contrast to the Georgian style of the others.Ī tunnel network exists under the prison, built to provide the prison, and later the town of Fremantle, with a supply of fresh water. Fremantle Prison is surrounded by limestone perimeter walls, while a two storey limestone gatehouse, with a central clock, presents an imposing entrance. Service buildings were converted into the separate Women's Prison. New Division, constructed between 19, continues the façade alignment of the main block. The Main Cell Block is the longest and tallest cell range in Australia, and a dominating feature of the prison. The Fremantle Prison site includes the prison cell blocks, gatehouse, perimeter walls, cottages, tunnels, and related infrastructure. Limestone was quarried on-site during construction, and the south-western corner (the South Knoll) and eastern portion of the site are at a considerably higher ground level. The architecture of Fremantle Prison includes the six-hectare (15-acre) site of the former prison on The Terrace, Fremantle, in Western Australia.
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